By Longfei Zhang and Helene de Boissiere – Swanson

Saturday, May 7^th, 2016

NEW YORK CITY – The Right to be Forgotten which was approved by the European Union has had a global impact on blocking information and expression online across the across the globe. On 13 May 2014, the European Court of Justice (ECJ) ruled that Internet search engines must remove information deemed “inaccurate, inadequate, irrelevant or excessive” for the purposes of data processing, or face a fine[i]. Most recent Google, a USA based company started complying with request.[ii] The ECJ’s decision applies not only to Google but to other search engines operating in Europe, including Yahoo and Bing. However, Google is the only one to notify website administrators when a link to one of their web pages is removed from search results. The struggle for a culture of media freedom, pluralism and independence is essential for press freedom, highlighted in the Windhoek Declaration, adopted 25 years ago. Without a free press journalists cannot collect and report their information safely and independently. And the safety of journalist will ensure the public’s access to impartial information.

纽约市 – 一项被欧盟通过的法案已经被遗忘，这项法案对阻碍跨国的在线信息和交流有着全球性的深远影响。在2014å¹´5月13日，欧洲法院（European Court of Justice）出于数据处理的目的，规定网络搜索引擎必须移除被认为“不准确的，不充分的，不相关的或者过度的”信息，否则将会面临罚款[i]。距今最近是谷歌（Google），一个美国企业开始遵从要求 [ii]。欧洲法院的决定不仅仅适用于谷歌，还适用于其他在欧洲运营的搜索引擎，包括雅虎（Yahoo）和必应（Bing）。然而，谷歌是唯一一个在移除了搜索结果中的链接后，通知对应网站管理员的公司。针对媒体自由、多元性、独立的文化的斗争是新闻自由的关键因素，在25年前正式通过的温得和克宣言（Windhoek Declaration）也得到了强调。如果没有自由的新闻环境，那么记者就无法安全独立地收集信息和报道。并且记者的人身安全保证了公众能获取到公正的信息。

This past May 5th, World Press Freedom Day 2016 [iii] , a large group gathered at the United Nations in New York City to address a number of concerns facing journalist today. “We are not the enemy, but we are here to help because gathering information and giving true and objective information can only strengthen societies and I think that is something that I would really like to see high up on the agenda of Press Freedom Day and beyond.” Christiane Amanpour, CNN chief International Correspondent stated earlier in the week, “We are not the enemy, but we are here to help because gathering information and giving true and objective information can only strengthen societies and I think that is something that I would really like to see high up on the agenda of Press Freedom Day and beyond.” The message coming out of the UN World Press Freedom Day 2016 in short: to protect journalists and combat impunity. When a problem is global, it calls for a global response. The scale and number of attacks on journalists and media workers around the world, combined with failures to investigate and prosecute crimes against them, have each contributed to the unacceptably high level of personal risk that journalists and others continue to face simply for exercising their right to free expression. In response, the United Nations has developed an approach called the UN Plan of Action on the Safety of Journalists and the Issue of Impunity.

在过去的5月5号，2016年世界新闻自由日[iii]，一大群人聚集在位于纽约市的联合国针对一系列当今记者的关注点发表演说。“我们不是敌人，我们是在这里提供帮助，因为收集资料和提供真实客观的信息才能巩固社会，这才是我真的想看到的超越新闻自由日日程的结果。”Christiane Amanpour，CNN首席国际通讯记者在这周前几天指出。简而言之，从联合国世界新闻自由日传递出的消息：保护记者和打击有罪不罚。当一个问题是全球性的，那么就需要全球的响应。在世界范围内，攻击记者和媒体工作者的规模和数量，加上阻碍调查和反过来检举记者的行为，都分别对个人造成了不可接受的高风险，仅仅是当记者和其他新闻工作者想继续行使自由表达的权利。作为回应，联合国已经开发出一个被称为《关于记者安全和有罪不罚问题的行动计划》的方案。

The UN Plan of Action[iv] is designed to include all stakeholders. It incorporates roles for governments, non-governmental organizations, academics, the media, and others working at global, regional, national and local levels. It’s success will depend on the full participation of all by raising awareness among citizens about the consequences when journalists have their right to free expression curtailed. It is also essential to assist governments develop and implement laws to safeguard journalists and deal with the problem of impunity. The implementation of provide training courses for journalist and promote good working conditions for journalists, including freelance journalists, and to establish the strengthening of the safety of journalist in conflict zones.

《联合国行动计划》[iv]是为包含所有利益相关者而设计的。它引入了很多合作角色，包括政府，非政府组织，学术界，新闻界和其他工作在全球，区域，国家和当地范围的机构。它的成功将会依赖于所有人的全力参与，通过提升公民关于记者被剥夺自由表达的后果的意识。协助政府发展和实施保护记者和处理有罪不罚的法律也是十分关键的。给记者提供培训课程，并且提升优良的办公环境，包括自由记者，同时在冲突地区加强记者的安全保护。

To check out the implementation strategy and join international efforts to make it work and promote multi-stakeholder consultative processes in your country to adapt the UN Plan to your local needs. UNESCO has published guidelines to help you with this process. Subscribe to the UNESCO Newsletter on the Safety of Journalists to follow the UN Plan´s implementation and developments. Apply UNESCO’s Journalists’ Safety Indicators to assess the situation for journalists in your country. Create a baseline and then follow-up to establish trends. There are guidelines to help you with the Indicators. For more information, consult: • UN Plan of Action webpage • UN Plan of Action • UN Inter-Agency meetings on the safety of journalists • UN Plan of Action Newsletter • Guidebook: Operationalizing the UN Plan at the country level (PDF) • UNESCO’s Journalists’ Safety Indicators

获取实施策略和加入国际力量使之实现，并且在你所在的国家提升多方面利益相关者的咨询流程来使《联合国计划》适应于当地的需求。联合国教科文组织已经发表了指南来帮助你了解这个流程。订阅联合国教科文组织关于记者安全的新闻邮件，可以持续关注到《联合国计划》的实施和发展。应用联合国教科文组织的记者安全指示来评估你所在国家的记者处境。创立一个基准并且跟进来建立趋势。这里有一些指南来帮你了解指示。获取更多信息，请咨询：•《联合国行动计划》网页 •《联合国行动计划》• 联合国机构间关于记者安全的会议 •《联合国行动计划》新闻邮件 • 指导手册：在国家层面实施《联合国计划》（PDF）• 联合国教科文组织的记者安全指示

[i] See http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/google/11599909/EU-right-to-be-forgotten-one-year-on.html

[ii] See http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/09/29/solace-oblivion

[iii] See http://en.unesco.org/world-press-freedom-day-2016/press-kit

[iv] See http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/CI/CI/pdf/WPFD/WPFD2016_Press-Kit_UN-Plan-of-Action-in-short.pdf